Protect against the deadly leptospirosis

THE EDITOR, Madam:

Since the passing of the recent storm, we have tragically lost several Jamaicans to leptospirosis. As a public health specialist, I am compelled to write this letter to urge the public to take immediate protective measures against this deadly, contagious zoonotic disease.

Leptospirosis is caused by the Leptospira bacteria. It is transmitted through contact with the urine of infected animals — specifically rats, dogs, cats, and livestock. Following the heavy rains, floodwaters and mud often become contaminated. Humans become infected when this contaminated water or soil enters the body through cuts, scratches, the eyes, nose, mouth, or by swallowing untreated water.

The incubation period typically ranges from seven to 14 days. I implore citizens not to ignore flu-like symptoms. If you experience high fever, chills, severe headaches, vomiting, red eyes, or muscle aches (particularly in the calves or back), seek medical attention immediately. Jaundice (yellowing of the eyes) is a critical warning sign.

To stop the spread and save lives, we must adopt the following protocols:

1. Water and food safety: Strictly avoid food, fruits, and vegetables that may have touched floodwater. If you suspect your water is contaminated, boil it vigorously for five minutes or use drops of chlorine bleach to treat it before use.

2. Sanitisation: If your hands or feet are exposed to mud or areas contaminated with animal faeces, wash them immediately. Use Lysol or a strong disinfectant to sanitise the skin and kill the bacteria.

3. Pest control: We must control the rat population. Keep garbage covered and clear debris from your yards to prevent rats from nesting near your homes.

Finally, a specific warning for high-risk workers: Garbage collectors, construction workers, and farmers are at the highest risk. I strongly recommend that these individuals consult a doctor to obtain prophylactic antibiotics to prevent infection if they are exposed to contaminated environments.

We can prevent further deaths, but we must act now.

DR J.D. WOOD